Indicate notes in the text of your paper by using consecutive superscript numbers (as demonstrated below). It is best to consult with your professor to determine the preferred citation style. For the parenthetical reference (author-date) system (commonly used in the sciences and social sciences), please refer to the separate guide Turabian Parenthetical/Reference List Style. Traditionally, disciplines in the humanities (art, history, music, religion, theology) require the use of bibliographic footnotes or endnotes in conjunction with a bibliography to cite sources used in research papers and dissertations. Whenever you refer to or use another's words, facts or ideas in your paper, you are required to cite the source. For types of resources not covered in this guide (e.g., government documents, manuscript collections, video recordings) and for further detail and examples, please consult the websites listed at the end of this guide, the handbook itself (LAU Ref Desk LB 2369.
#How to make a footnote turabian manual
Kate Turabian created her first "manual" in 1937 as a means of simplifying for students The Chicago Manual of Style the seventh edition of Turabian is based on the 15th edition of the Chicago Manual. The examples in this guide are meant to introduce you to the basics of citing sources using Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (seventh edition).
(Note that if you are using author-date style, your paper will not have endnotes.)
If note numbers restart with 1 in each chapter, add chapter subheads.For the note numbers, use normal text with a period and space after, or use superscript (to match the corresponding note numbers in the main text) with a space but no period after.Center the title Notes at the top of the first page and add two blank lines after.Put endnotes after the main text and any appendixes but before the bibliography.Turabian’s A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.
#How to make a footnote turabian how to
Here’s how to format endnotes for a Chicago-style paper following the guidelines in Kate L. Endnotes are also better at accommodating tables, quoted poetry, or anything else that may require extra space. But if your notes are so long or numerous that they take up too much space on the page, endnotes are usually the better choice. Unless your department specifies, use footnotes, which are easier to read.
Endnotes appear at the end of the paper rather than at the foot of the page.
If you cite your sources in your thesis or dissertation (or class paper) using numbered notes, you may have the option of using endnotes rather than footnotes.